CALIFORNIA SNF AI RULES IN EFFECT SINCE JAN 1, 2025

SB 1120: an algorithm can recommend the denial. It cannot make it.

The Physicians Make Decisions Act has been in effect since January 1, 2025. It does not regulate skilled nursing facilities. It regulates the health plans and the UM vendors that approve and deny your skilled days. If you are an operator who has watched a Medicare Advantage plan cut a resident's stay based on something a NaviHealth algorithm spat out, SB 1120 is the statute that lets you push back, and most independents are not using it.

What SB 1120 actually requires

SB 1120 amended Health and Safety Code section 1367.01 (for plans regulated by DMHC) and Insurance Code section 10123.135 (for insurers regulated by CDI). The rule is simple. A licensed physician, or a licensed clinician appropriate to the scope of care, has to make any adverse medical-necessity determination. AI can help that decision. AI cannot be the decision.

The law also requires that the AI tool consider the individual patient's clinical history rather than rely on group-level data. The tools are subject to DMHC and CDI audit. The California Department of Insurance issued formal implementation guidance (SB 1120:1, May 5, 2025) that aligns the statute with federal anti-discrimination rules under ACA section 1557.

Why this matters for skilled nursing

Most independents see this through one channel. A Medicare Advantage or managed Medi-Cal plan, often through an outsourced UM vendor like NaviHealth or myNEXUS or CareCentrix, cuts a resident's authorized skilled days. The denial letter rarely names a reviewer. Sometimes it just cites "criteria not met" and points at an internal proprietary tool. Under SB 1120, that is no longer enough. You have the right to know whether a human licensed physician reviewed the adverse determination. You have the right to their name.

Appeal language for every adverse determination

Drop this into every appeal or peer-to-peer request after a denial of skilled days, level-of-care, or ancillary services:

"Pursuant to California SB 1120 (Health and Safety Code section 1367.01 / Insurance Code section 10123.135), please confirm whether this adverse medical-necessity determination was made by a licensed physician or other appropriately licensed clinician. If so, please provide the name and California license number of the reviewing clinician. If this determination was produced by an automated tool or algorithm without a qualifying human reviewer, the determination is invalid under California law. We request that it be vacated and reissued by a qualifying reviewer."

If the plan cannot name the reviewer, escalate. For managed-care plans, file a complaint through the DMHC Help Center. For commercial insurers, escalate to CDI.

What the CDI guidance adds

SB 1120:1, the May 2025 guidance from the California Department of Insurance, pulled federal Section 1557 patient-care decision-support-tool rules (45 CFR section 92.210) into the California frame. Practically, that means UM tools have anti-discrimination obligations on top of the physician-review requirement. The plan has to show it has identified and mitigated risks of disparate impact in the tool. That opens a second avenue for SNFs. If a denial pattern correlates with a protected characteristic of your resident population, that is itself a basis to challenge the tool, not just the individual determination.

The operational discipline this asks for

Using SB 1120 well takes one habit. Every denial gets the appeal-language request. Every plan response gets logged. Patterns get tracked across plans. Independent operators rarely have a UM analyst doing this kind of work, but the evidence accumulates fast. Three or four denials without a named reviewer is a credible DMHC complaint.

The patterns are also useful in contracting. When you can show a plan that 40% of their denials over the last quarter never named a reviewer, the conversation about your network rate changes.

Sources

Not legal advice. Verify applicability and current obligations with counsel before adjusting policy.

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